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Coursework project: what Kazakhstan's preliminary report on the Aktau disaster says about it
Air traffic controllers warned the crew of the AZAL airplane, which crashed near Aktau, about the introduction of the plan "Kover" in Grozny. This is stated in the preliminary report on the investigation of the causes of the crash, published by the Ministry of Transport of Kazakhstan. The document also notes that the damage to the hydraulic systems, which led to loss of control, was caused by "external objects". In the Ministry of Transport of the Republic emphasized that the investigation does not imply the establishment of anyone's guilt or responsibility. In practice, clarification of all the circumstances of airplane crashes can take an average of one to three years, experts say.
What is published in the preliminary report
The preliminary report on the crash of the AZAL airplane near Aktau contains 53 pages. According to the document, the regional center of the Unified Air Traffic Organization System in Rostov-on-Don informed the crew of AZAL Azerbaijan Airlines about the introduction of the "Cover" plan in Grozny. The "Cover" plan is a closed sky regime for all aircraft and an order for immediate landing or withdrawal from a certain zone of all airplanes or helicopters in the air.
The document says the crew reported a strong impact and explosion in the area of the rear seats, as well as a shortage of oxygen in the cabin, suggesting an oxygen tank explosion. Before the crash, the aircraft changed its flight path chaotically, sharp gain and loss of altitude were observed. And initial inspection of the fragments revealed a lot of through and through damage of various sizes and shapes in the tail part of the fuselage, keel and stabilizer, rudders of altitude and direction.
In addition, similar damage was found on the left engine and left wing, as well as on the aircraft's units and components. The hydraulic systems and stabilizer actuator control wiring were damaged before the aircraft hit the ground, likely due to "external objects." The flight data recorder, on the other hand, was in a damaged but working condition, and the data was retrieved without comment.
The report includes photographs containing evidence of damage to hydraulic systems 1, 2 and 3, probably caused by external objects penetrating the aircraft components. It also includes photographs of damaged wiring for the stabilizer actuator (pitch trimmer). The investigation suggests that this led to inoperability of the first and second pitch trimmer channels.
The Ministry of Transport of Kazakhstan also published fragments of negotiations between the crew of the aircraft and ground services.
The crash of the Embraer E190 aircraft of AZAL airline near Aktau occurred in the morning of December 25, 2024. The aircraft was performing a passenger flight on the route Baku - Grozny. But, according to the Chechen airport, the arrival was diverted to Makhachkala due to fog over the city. Before the tragedy, an emergency distress signal had been issued from the plane. The airplane was preparing for landing in direct mode (i.e. direct control of the machine by the pilots) after the failure of the control and backup systems. The crew tried to make an emergency landing at Aktau airport, but the plane fell 3 km away and caught fire. The pilots managed to steer the plane away from the residential buildings of the nearest village. There were 67 people on board - 62 passengers and five crew members. Thirty-eight people died, among them were seven Russians.
Investigation of the airplane crash
In the Ministry of Transport of Kazakhstan emphasized that the report on the results of the investigation of the disaster - preliminary and the information can be clarified and supplemented. To determine the damage to the board, caused by foreign objects, new examinations will be conducted.
The department's document notes that in accordance with the standards and recommended practices of the International Civil Aviation Organization, "this report is issued for the sole purpose of preventing aviation accidents and incidents in the future."
"The investigation conducted as part of this report is not intended to establish the proportion of anyone's fault or responsibility. The criminal aspects of this event are being outlined in a separate criminal case," it said.
The Ministry recommended aviation authorities to assess the risks of flights to regions where there is a loss of Global Positioning System (GPS) signal.
January 14, Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov urged not to inflame the atmosphere in the media space about the causes of the crash of the AZAL airline plane. As the Russian Foreign Minister noted, the contents of the black boxes gave "a lot of interesting information", which once again convinces of the need to wait for a full investigation. In addition, the Minister emphasized that some of the preliminary conclusions announced in the media are by and large not confirmed by the data from the black boxes.
According to international rules, the investigation of air accidents may involve first of all representatives of the country of registration of the airline, the state in whose registry the airplane is registered, the country-manufacturer of theaircraft, Roman Gusarov, editor-in-chief of the Avia.ru portal, told Izvestia.
Since the crash occurred on the territory of Kazakhstan, the ICAO rules require that the republic, represented by the aviation administration, conducts an investigation and decides on the participation of representatives of the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC) from the Russian side, said Andrei Patrakov, founder of the RunAvia flight safety service and aviation expert.
According to him, in practice, a full investigation can take from one to three years on average; this period is individualized for each case. For example, on the Sukhoi Superjet crash in Sheremetyevo in 2019, the final report has not yet been published, the expert added.
Переведено сервисом «Яндекс Переводчик»
