Billion-dollar idea: who will get mortgages under the new law on MCCs
The State Duma Committee on the Financial Market has approved a bill giving certain microcredit companies the right to issue mortgages. This concerns organizations established by constituent entities of Russia in which the region owns 100% of the shares. In this case, such a company must participate in programs to provide housing for certain categories of citizens. The list of MCC will be formed by the Central Bank. The bill stipulates that the mortgage obtained in this way will be able to repay the funds of the matkapital. Details - in the material "Izvestia".
How to take a mortgage in a microcredit organization
The purpose of the bill, which was initiated by a group of senators, - to resume the right of authorized JSC "Dom.RF" organizations to issue targeted housing loans under the control of the Bank of Russia. Recall, in June 2024, the authorized firms were deprived of such a right.
Nadezhda Ilyina, a member of the Federation Council Committee on Federal Structure, Regional Policy, Local Self-Governance and Northern Affairs, explained to Izvestia that subjects have the right to independently determine the conditions and categories of citizens - recipients of preferential housing loans.
For example, in the Kemerovo region, which she represents in the SF, the mortgage rate for families with many children, disabled people and families of participants of the Social Security System is no more than 5%. At the same time, if the law is adopted, lending in the MCC does not promise citizens any risks, emphasizes Nadezhda Ilyina.
- According to the initiative, 100% of the shares of the microcredit organization will belong to the region, and the issuance of loans will be controlled by the Central Bank. All this is undoubtedly another plus to the early adoption of the bill in the State Duma, - explained the expert.
The specialized deputy of the State Duma Sergey Pakhomov adds that the proposed mechanism is safe and does not carry the risk of the appearance of cheated shareholders.
Anatoly Aksakov, Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Financial Market, told Izvestia that successful implementation of the initiative is impossible without the Bank of Russia regulating such microcredit companies. It is necessary to make sure that, on the one hand, they do not accumulate risks, and on the other hand, they are not put in too strict frameworks.
- We will definitely take the regulator's position into account in our further work on the bill," he said.
Deputy Chairman of the State Duma Committee on Financial Market Oleg Savchenko explained to "Izvestia" that if the initiative is adopted, each subject of the Federation will independently determine how much it needs to unload requests for mortgage in one form or another, as well as whether the financial institutions will be ready to enter one or another mortgage programs.
- Mortgage support is needed to retain young people in a particular region or to attract narrowly specialized specialists from other regions with favorable conditions. Budgetary employees may need it when developing rural areas," Savchenko believes.
According to him, the bill is timely, but it is still unclear how affordable the implementation of the mechanism will be. Everything depends on regional budgets, their balance and how they relate to the objectives of the RF Ministry of Finance and the Cabinet as a whole.
Oleg Nikolaev, the head of Chuvashia, on the contrary, believes that the idea of giving microcredit organizations the right to issue mortgages looks attractive only at first glance.
- In reality, the initiative will either prove to be unviable, or it will require adjusting the activities and capitalization of microcredit organizations and constantly adjusting the regulation of their work by the Central Bank," the governor suggests. All this may take years, he told Izvestia.
Itis also important that in reality few regions will be able to fill such organizations with capital corresponding to the real demands of people, the expert stressed.
- We are talking about hundreds of billions of rubles. At the same time, the direct capitalization of such microcredit companies, as a rule, is several tens of billions of rubles. And in comparison with mortgage requests it is a paltry sum," Nikolaev emphasized.
In the press service of the microfinance organization SRO "MIR" emphasized that we are talking about state-owned, not commercial structures, which means that their activities and interest rates are fully determined by regional authorities.
According to Vadim Krapp, a leading analyst on bank ratings "Expert RA", this measure will affect only preferential mortgages, and exclusively within the budget allocated by the region. In other words, mortgages from microcredit organizations will be limited to targeted support in certain regions.
The microcredit organization "Urban Group" reminded that we are talking about no more than one MCC for each constituent entity of the Federation and they will be used exclusively for government programs.
Who can take a mortgage in a regional microcredit organization
According to Igor Zhigunov, Deputy General Director of the National Mortgage Factory, the proposed format of mortgage lending makes sense to target both certain categories of consumers and a specific segment of the market - new buildings, in order to support the industry.
Therefore, it is important to take into account a number of points: to form a resource base, to determine the criteria of the housing stock and the conditions for granting loans. If we are talking about mortgages, then the program should be designed for decades (after all, such loans are taken for 15-20 years). And if the program includes new buildings, the issue of accreditation of developers will arise again.
President of the National Chamber of Real Estate Dmitry Schegelsky notes that for Russians the procedure will not become easier and faster.
The expert of the "People's Front. Analytics", head of the "People's Front" project "For the Rights of Borrowers" Evgenia Lazareva reminds that now regional ICCs participate in preferential lending programs for SMEs and this practice shows good results. In her opinion, it will not be easy to obtain such a mortgage: it is necessary not only to meet all the requirements, but also to collect a large number of documents, and the transactions themselves will be checked very carefully.
Will it be easier to borrow money from ICCs than from banks?
The inter-industry association SRO "Perspective" expects that the requirements for borrowers in such ICCs will be less strict than in banks, which will make it possible to get a mortgage for those who were previously refused. However, it should be taken into account that this will be possible only within the framework of regional government programs, which may limit the choice of available options.
According to the marketing director of the National Bureau of Credit Histories (NBKI) Alexei Volkov, now the law reduces the risks of mortgage borrowers to a minimum:
- The issued loan will not be requested by anyone to return even in the case of transfer of claim rights. And whether it is easier or more difficult to obtain a mortgage in the new ICC - will depend primarily on the conditions, limits and rates established by the regions.
According to him, in fact, we are talking about quasi-governmental companies, which may be convenient for the authorities in certain regions for projects of preferential lending.
Rustam Azizov, Director for Mortgage Sales and Implementation of Financial Instruments of A101 Group of Companies, believes that this initiative requires development and finalization. According to him, the mortgage market is very complex, as it is under the close attention of the regulator, and conditions are often changing. New players will need rules and mechanisms for interaction with borrowers and other market participants, and this takes time.
Est-a-Tet's Chief Operating Officer Alexey Novikov is sure that mortgage loans should be issued only by proven large financial organizations. Moreover, in his opinion, it would be correct to deprive local banks of such an opportunity, of which there are many today, but it is not always clear from what they form a sufficient portfolio for large mortgage loans.
Housing support for Russians should not be carried out within the framework of preferential lending, but in a different form, summarizes the Vice President of the Foundation "Institute of Urban Economics", Director of "Real Estate Market" Tatiana Polidi.
- No one restricts the regions in providing subsidies to improve the housing conditions of privileged people, as well as in the construction of housing for social rent by privileged people," she notes.
Переведено сервисом «Яндекс Переводчик»
